How to make up missed prayers
- Make sincere tawbah. Missing salah without an excuse is a serious sin. Regret it, resolve not to return to it, and begin making up what you owe.
- Make up the fard and Witr. Each day of missed salah is five fard prayers plus Witr, which is wajib. The sunnah prayers are not made up.
- Use a simple intention. When you do not know the exact dates, intend "the first Fajr I owe" (or Zuhr, and so on). Each time, that is the earliest one still remaining.
- Pray at any time except three. Qada can be prayed at any time except at sunrise, when the sun is at its height, and at sunset. Pray it quietly; there is no need to tell anyone.
- Keep going steadily. Many people pray one qada with each daily prayer. Some pray a full day of qada each day. Do what you can keep up.
When order matters
If you owe fewer than six prayers in total, you must pray them in order and before the current prayer, unless time is running out. Once you owe six or more, you no longer need to keep that order.
Missed fasts
Each missed Ramadan fast is made up with one fast, any day outside Ramadan except the days of Eid and the three days after Eid al-Adha. No kaffarah is due for fasts that were simply not kept; kaffarah is only for breaking a fast already started.
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