What is fitrana?
Sadaqat al-fitr, often called fitrana or fitra, is a small charity due at the end of Ramadan. It purifies the fast from idle talk and mistakes, and makes sure the poor can also celebrate Eid.
Who has to pay it
- Every Muslim who, on the morning of Eid al-Fitr, owns wealth at the nisab level beyond their basic needs and debts. Unlike zakat, a full year does not need to pass.
- For themselves and their children who have not reached adulthood. A father pays for his young children from his own wealth.
- Not for a wife or adult children by obligation. Each pays their own if they meet the nisab, though a husband may pay for his wife with her permission.
How much and when
In the Hanafi school the amount is half a sa' of wheat or wheat flour, or one sa' of dates, barley or raisins, for each person. Giving the value in money is valid and is often more useful to the person who receives it. It becomes due at dawn on the day of Eid. It is best paid before the Eid salah, and it can be paid earlier in Ramadan so it reaches people in time. If it is paid late, it is still owed.
Who can receive it
The same people who can receive zakat: Muslims who are poor or in need. It cannot be given to your own parents, grandparents, children or grandchildren, or between husband and wife.
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